Absorbent articles with channels and signals

ABSTRACT

Absorbent articles herein may provide a topsheet, a backsheet, an absorbent core disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet. The absorbent core may comprise at least one channel having a shape. The backsheet graphics may substantially match the shape.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to absorbent articles with channeled coresand printed signals.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Absorbent articles for receiving and retaining bodily discharges such asurine or feces are well known in the art. Examples of these includedisposable diaper(s), training pants and adult incontinence articles.Typically, disposable diapers comprise a liquid pervious topsheet thatfaces the wearer's body, a liquid impervious backsheet that faces thewearer's clothing and an absorbent core interposed between the liquidpervious topsheet and the backsheet.

An important component of disposable absorbent articles is the absorbentcore/absorbent structure. The absorbent core/structure typicallyincludes superabsorbent polymer material, such as hydrogel-formingpolymer material, also referred to as absorbent gelling material, AGM,or superabsorbent polymer, SAP. This superabsorbent polymer materialensures that large amounts of bodily fluids, e.g. urine, can be absorbedby the absorbent article during its use and be locked away, thusproviding low rewet and good skin dryness.

Traditionally, the superabsorbent polymer material is incorporated intothe absorbent core structure with pulp, i.e. cellulose fibres. To makethe absorbent core structures thinner, it has been proposed to reduce oreliminate these cellulose fibres from the absorbent core structures.

However, it was found that some absorbent core structures with reducedcellulose fibre levels, whilst very thin when not loaded with bodilyfluids, may have an increased stiffness when partially loaded or fullyloaded, especially in those regions which comprise most of the absorbentcapacity of the absorbent article, such as the front region and crotchregion of the diaper. It has been found that by providing specificpermanent channels that are free of superabsorbent polymer particles orfree of superabsorbent polymer material, improved liquid transport isachieved, and hence faster acquisition, and more efficient liquidabsorbency over the whole absorbent structure; even though lessabsorbent material may be used, surprisingly improved performance can beachieved. By immobilising the absorbent material or channels (by the useof adhesive, the channels are more permanent, and remain channels duringthe use of the absorbent structure, e.g. when friction is applied to theabsorbent structure, or when the absorbent structure is wetted, and theabsorbent material expands. Furthermore, it has been found that by theprovision of such channels, for example in the front region of theabsorbent core/structure, and/or in the crotch region of the absorbentcore/structure, a diaper of increased flexibility can be provided,whilst surprisingly maintaining its performance throughout its use.

As the functionality of the absorbent core is changed to improve, e.g.absorbency, fit, or reduced cost, the performance and/or appearance ofthe article may be affected negatively. Efforts can be made to modifythe article or parts of the article in order to provide them with aparticular appearance. In some examples, the article may be modified tocommunicate or signal to the caregiver that the channels exist in theabsorbent core of the article, and that the channels are there to createfaster and more efficient liquid absorbency. Such signalling orcommunication may be done, for example, via exterior graphics and/orinterior printed adhesives. As such, there is a need for improvedabsorbent articles comprising absorbent cores with channels that exhibitexcellent performance and that are aesthetically pleasing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Absorbent articles herein may provide a topsheet, a backsheet, anabsorbent core disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet. Theabsorbent core may comprise a channel, and the backsheet may comprisegraphics which substantially match the shape of the channel.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a diaper in accordance with one non-limitingembodiment.

FIG. 2A shows a perspective view of an absorbent structure in accordancewith one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 2B shows a perspective view of an alternative absorbent layer inaccordance with one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 2C shows a perspective view of an absorbent structure that may becombined with the absorbent structure in accordance with onenon-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 3A shows a perspective view of an alternative absorbent layer inaccordance with one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 3B shows a perspective view of an alternative absorbent structurein accordance with one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 4A shows a perspective view of an alternative absorbent layer inaccordance with one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 4B shows a perspective view of an alternative absorbent layer inaccordance with one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 5 shows a cross sectional view of an absorbent core in accordancewith one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 6 shows a cross sectional view of an alternative absorbent core inaccordance with one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 7 shows a cross sectional view of an alternative absorbent core inaccordance with one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 8 shows a cross sectional view of an alternative absorbent core inaccordance with one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 9 shows a cross sectional view of an alternative absorbent core inaccordance with one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 10 shows a cross sectional view of an alternative absorbent core inaccordance with one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 11 shows a cross sectional view of an alternative absorbent core inaccordance with one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 12 shows a cross sectional view of an alternative absorbent core inaccordance with one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 13 shows a cross sectional view of an alternative absorbent core inaccordance with one non-limiting embodiment.

FIG. 14 shows a method/apparatus of forming an absorbent core inaccordance with one non-limiting embodiment comprising two absorbentstructures of the disclosure.

FIGS. 15 and 16 show plan views of non-limiting embodiments of anabsorbent article of the present invention comprising backsheetgraphics.

FIGS. 17A, 17B, 17C, and 18 show top view representations ofnon-limiting embodiments of printed adhesive patterns.

FIG. 19 shows a plan view of backsheet graphics that approximate theshape and contours of the channels.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Definitions

“Absorbent article” refers to a device that absorbs and contains bodyexudates, and, more specifically, refers to devices that are placedagainst or in proximity to the body of the wearer to absorb and containthe various exudates discharged from the body. Absorbent articles mayinclude adult and infant diaper (1), including pants, such as infanttraining pants and adult incontinence undergarments, and femininehygiene products, such as sanitary napkins and panty-liners and adult incontinent pads, and breast pads, care mats, bibs, wound dressingproducts, and the like.

Absorbent articles may further include floor cleaning articles, foodindustry articles, and the like. As used herein, the term “body fluids”or “body exudates” includes, but is not limited to, urine, blood,vaginal discharges, breast milk, sweat and fecal matter.

As used herein “diaper (1)” refers to devices which are intended to beplaced against the skin of a wearer to absorb and contain the variousexudates discharged from the body. Diaper (1)s are generally worn byinfants and incontinent persons about the lower torso so as to encirclethe waist and legs of the wearer. Examples of diaper (1)s include infantor adult diaper (1)s and pant-like diaper (1)s such as training pants. Adiaper may comprise a fastening system, which may include at least onefastening member (8) and at least one landing zone (9), and may alsocomprise leg cuffs (10) and elastic members (11). “Training pant”, asused herein, refers to disposable garments having a waist opening andleg openings designed for infant or adult wearers. A pant may be placedin position on the wearer by inserting the wearer's legs into the legopenings and sliding the pant into position about a wearer's lowertorso. A pant may be preformed by any suitable technique including, butnot limited to, joining together portions of the article usingrefastenable and/or non-refastenable bonds (e.g., seam, weld, adhesive,cohesive bond, fastener, etc.). A pant may be preformed anywhere alongthe circumference of the article (e.g., side fastened, front waistfastened).

“Disposable” is used herein to describe articles that are generally notintended to be laundered or otherwise restored or reused (i.e., they areintended to be discarded after a single use and, may be recycled,composted or otherwise disposed of in an environmentally compatiblemanner).

As used herein “absorbent structure (13)” refers to a three dimensionalstructure useful to absorb and contain liquids, such as urine. Theabsorbent structure (13) may be the absorbent structure (13) of anabsorbent article or may be only part of the absorbent core (7) of anabsorbent article, i.e. an absorbent component of the absorbent core(7), as will be further described herein.

“Superabsorbent polymer material” as used herein refers to substantiallywater-insoluble polymer material that can absorb at least 10 times (andtypically at least 15 times or at least 20 times) its weight of a 0.9%saline solution in de-mineralized water as measured using the CentrifugeRetention Capacity test (Edana 441.2-01).

“Nonwoven material” as used herein refers to a manufactured web ofdirectionally or randomly orientated fibers, excluding paper andproducts which are woven, knitted, tufted, stitch-bonded incorporatingbinding yarns or filaments, or felted by wet-milling, whether or notadditionally needled. Nonwoven materials and processes for making themare known in the art. Generally, processes for making nonwoven materialscomprise laying fibers onto a forming surface, which may comprisespunlaying, meltblowing, carding, airlaying, wetlaying, coform andcombinations thereof. The fibers may be of natural or man-made originand may be staple fibers or continuous filaments or be formed in situ.

“Visible” as used herein means capable of being perceived by the unaidedhuman eye.

Absorbent Structure (13) with Channels

The present invention provides absorbent articles with absorbent corescomprising channels and printed signals that communicate the channels.The present invention relates to absorbent articles with channelsdisclosed in U.S. application Ser. Nos. 13/491,642, 13/491,643,13/491,644, and 13/491,648, all filed Jun. 10, 2011.

The absorbent structure (13) herein comprises a supporting sheet (16)with an absorbent layer (17) of absorbent material (50). The absorbentmaterial (50) comprises at least a superabsorbent polymer material andoptionally a cellulosic material, such as a cellulose, e.g. pulp, ormodified cellulose.

The absorbent structure (13) also comprises one or more adhesivematerial(s), further described below. The absorbent layer (17) is threedimensional and comprises a first substantially longitudinal channel(26) and a second substantially longitudinal channel (26) that aresubstantially free of said superabsorbent polymer material. Othermaterials may be present in said channels (26), as further describedbelow, for example said one or more adhesive material(s) (40; 60).

The absorbent structure (13) and the absorbent layer (17) each have alongitudinal dimension and average length L, e.g. extending in thelongitudinal dimension of the structure or layer and a transversedimension and average width W, e.g. extending in the transversedimension of the structure or layer. The absorbent structure (13) andthe absorbent layer (17) each have a front region, being in use towardsthe front of the user, back region, being in use towards the back of theuser, and therein between a crotch region, each extending the fulltransverse width of the structure/layer, and each having ⅓ of theaverage length of the structure/layer.

The absorbent structure (13) and the absorbent layer (17) each possess acentral longitudinal axis X, a central transverse axis Y perpendicularto said central longitudinal axis X; said absorbent layer (17) and saidabsorbent structure (13) have each a pair of opposing longitudinal sideedges extending in the longitudinal dimension of the structure or layerand a pair of opposing transverse edges (19), e.g. front transverse edgebeing in use towards the front of a user (wearer), and a back transverseedge being in use towards the back of a user. The longitudinal sideedges (18) and/or transverse edges (19) of the absorbent structure (13)or absorbent layer (17) may be parallel respectively to the centrallongitudinal axis and/or central transverse axis respectively or one ormore may be curvilinear, and for instance provide for a narrowertransverse dimension in the crotch region. Typically the longitudinalside edges are mirror images of one another in the longitudinal X-axis.

The central longitudinal X-axis of the absorbent layer (17) delimitsfirst and second longitudinal side portions (20) of the absorbent layer(17), respectively, referred herein as longitudinal side portions (20).Each of said longitudinal side portions is thus present in said frontregion, crotch region and back region, and hence, there is a firstlongitudinal portion's front region, and a second longitudinal portion'sfront region etc. In some embodiments herein, said longitudinal portionsof the absorbent layer (17) are mirror images of one another in theX-axis of the layer.

The absorbent layer (17) comprises at least a first channel (26) andsecond channel (26) that are substantially free of (e.g. free of) saidsuperabsorbent polymer particles, said channels (26) extending throughthe thickness (height) of the absorbent layer (17). (It should beunderstood that, accidentally, a small, negligible amount ofsuperabsorbent polymer particles may be present in the channel, whichdoes not contribute to the overall functionality). When the absorbentlayer (17) comprises cellulosic or cellulose, in some embodiments thesaid first and second channels (26) are also free of suchcellulosic/cellulose material.

The first channel (26) is present in said first longitudinal sideportion of the absorbent layer (17) and the second channel (26) ispresent in said second longitudinal side portion of the absorbent layer(17).

The first and second channel (26) each extend substantiallylongitudinally, which means typically that each channel (26) extendsmore in the longitudinal dimension than in the transverse dimension, andtypically at least twice as much in the longitudinal dimension than inthe transverse dimension.

Thus, this includes channels (26) that are completely longitudinal andparallel to the longitudinal direction of said absorbent layer (17)(i.e. paralleled to said longitudinal-axis); and this includes channels(26) that may be curved, provided the radius of curvature is typicallyat least equal (optionally at least 1.5 or at least 2.0 times thisaverage transverse dimension) to the average transverse dimension of theabsorbent layer; and this includes channels (26) that are straight butunder an angle of (e.g. from 5°) up to 30°, or for example up to 20°, orup to 10° with a line parallel to the longitudinal axis. This may alsoincludes channels with an angle therein, provided said angle between twoparts of a channel is at least 120°, at least 150°; and in any of thesecases, provided the longitudinal extension of the channel is more thanthe transverse extension.

In some embodiments, there may be no completely or substantiallytransverse channels present in at least said crotch region, or no suchchannels at all.

Each of said first and second channels (26) may have an average width W′that is least 4% of the average width W of said absorbent layer (17), orfor example W′ is at least 7% of W; and/or for example and up to 25% ofW, or up to 15% of W; and/or for example at least 5 mm; and for exampleup to 25 mm, or for example up to 15 mm.

Each of said first and second channels (26) may have an average lengthL′ which may for example be up to 80% of the average length L of saidabsorbent layer (17); if the channels (26) are only in the front region,or only in the crotch region, or only in the back region, L′ is forexample up to 25% of L, or up to 20% of L, and/or L′ is for example atleast 5% of L, or at least 10% of L; and/or L′ is for example at least10 mm, or at least 20 mm; if the channels (26) extend in said crotchregion and front region, and optionally the back region, L′ is forexample up to 80% of L, or up to 70% of L, and/or L′ is for example atleast 40% of L, or at least 50% of L. In case the channel is notparallel to the longitudinal axis, the length L′ of the channel is thelength as measured by projection against the longitudinal axis.

The channels (26) may typically be so-called “permanent” channels (26).By permanent, it is meant that the integrity of the channels (26) is atleast partially maintained both in the dry state and in the wet state,including during friction by the wearer thereon. The Wet ChannelIntegrity Test described below can be used to test if channels arepermanent following wet saturation and to what extent.

Permanent channels (26) may be obtained by provision of one or moreadhesive material that immobilize said absorbent material (50), and/orsaid channels (26), e.g. or said absorbent layer (17), and/or thatimmobilize said supporting sheet (16) into said channels (26), or partthereof. The absorbent cores (7) may comprise in particular permanentchannels formed by bonding of the first supporting sheet (16) and secondsupporting sheet (16′) through the channels, as exemplarily shown inFIG. 7 and FIG. 13 for example. Typically, glue may be used to bond bothsupporting sheets throughout the channel, but it is possible to bond viaother known means, for example ultrasonic bonding, or heat bonding. Thesupporting layers can be continuously bonded or intermittently bondedalong the channels.

Indeed, the inventors observed that such channels provide for fastliquid acquisition which reduces risk of leakages. The permanentchannels help to avoid saturation of the absorbent layer in the regionof fluid discharge (such saturation increases the risk of leakages).Furthermore, the inventors surprisingly found that, in contrast to whatwould be expected, whilst decreasing the overall amount ofsuperabsorbent polymer material in the absorbent structure is reduced(by providing channels free of such material), the fluid handlingproperties of the absorbent structure, or diaper, are improved.Permanent channels, also have the further advantages that in wet statethe absorbent material cannot move within the core and remains in itsintended position, thus providing better fit and fluid absorption.

For example, the inventors have compared the amount of AGM loss in a wetstate according to the WAIIT test for a core having two absorbent layerswith permanent channels as shown in FIG. 4A relative to a similar corewith same amount of AGM and glue but having no channels.

In short, the WAIIT test determines the amount of non-immobilizedabsorbent particulate material amount in the cores in wet conditions. Inthis test, the absorbent core is wet to 73% capacity and is cut in itsmiddle in the transversal direction and left to fall from apre-determined height and loss of material is measured. Furtherinformation regarding the test can be found in US 2008/0312622 A1.

The results were that the core had a Wet Immobilization of 87%(StDev=5%) of AGM compared to a Wet Immobilization of 65% (StDev=5%) forthe comparative core without channels. In this example the channels weremade permanent by adhesive bonding of the two supporting sheets in thechannels using two layers of thermoplastic fibrous adhesive (Fuller 1151applied twice at 5 gsm) and one layer of hotmelt adhesive (Fuller 1358applied at 5 gsm).

Wet Channel Integrity Test

This test is designed to check the integrity of a channel following wetsaturation. The test can be performed directly on an absorbent structureor on an absorbent core containing the absorbent structure.

-   -   1. The length (in millimeters) of the channel is measured in the        dry state (if the channel is not straight, the curvilinear        length through the middle of the channel is measured).    -   2. The absorbent structure or core is then immersed in 5 liters        of synthetic urine “Saline”, with a concentration of 9.00 g NaCl        per 1000 ml solution prepared by dissolving the appropriate        amount of sodium chloride in distilled water. The temperature of        the solution must be 20+/−5° C.    -   3. After 1 minute in the saline, the absorbent structure or core        is removed and held vertically by one end for 5 seconds to        drain, then extended flat on a horizontal surface with the        garment-facing side down, if this side is recognizable. If the        absorbent structure or core comprises stretch elements, the        absorbent structure or core is pulled taut in both X and Y        dimensions so that no contraction is observed. The        extremes/edges of the absorbent structure or core are fixed to        the horizontal surface, so that no contraction can happen.    -   4. The absorbent structure or core is covered with a suitably        weighted rigid plate, with dimensions as follows: length equal        to the extended length of the absorbent structure or core, and        width equal to the maximum absorbent structure or core width in        the cross direction.    -   5. A pressure of 18.0 kPa is applied for 30 seconds over the        area of the rigid plate above mentioned. Pressure is calculated        on the basis of overall area encompassed by the rigid plate.        Pressure is achieved by placing additional weights in the        geometric center of the rigid plate, such that the combined        weight of the rigid plate and the additional weights result in a        pressure of 18.0 kPa over the total area of the rigid plate.    -   6. After 30 seconds, the additional weights and the rigid plate        are removed.    -   7. Immediately afterwards, the cumulative length of the portions        of the channel which remained intact is measured in millimeters;        (if the channel is not straight, the curvilinear length through        the middle of the channel is measured). If no portions of the        channel remained intact then the channel is not permanent.    -   8. The percentage of integrity of the permanent channel is        calculated by dividing the cumulative length of the portions of        the channel which remained intact by the length of the channel        in the dry state, and then multiplying the quotient by 100.

Advantageously, a permanent channel according to the disclosure has apercentage of integrity of at least 20%, or 30%, or 40%, or 50%, or 60,or 70%, or 80%, or 90% following this test.

As for example shown in FIGS. 5 and 9, one or more adhesive material(s)(60) may be present between said supporting sheet (16) and saidabsorbent layer (17), or parts thereof (e.g. herein referred to as,“second adhesive material”). For example, an adhesive material isapplied to portions of said supporting sheet (16) that are to coincidewith the channels (26), so that in said channels the supporting sheetcan be bonded with said adhesive to the walls of the channel, or partthereof or to a further material, as described herein; and/or theadhesive may be applied to portions of the supporting sheet (16) thatare to coincide with the absorbent material (50), to immobilize saidmaterial and avoid extensive migration thereof into said channels; theadhesive may be applied over substantially the whole surface area of thesupporting sheet (16), e.g. substantially continuously and/orhomogeneously. This may for example be a hotmelt adhesive applied byprinting, slot coating or spraying.

In addition, or alternatively, the absorbent structure (13) may compriseone or more adhesive materials (40) applied on said absorbent layer (17)or part thereof, that is already supported by said supporting sheet(16), (herein referred to as “first adhesive material”) e.g. after saidabsorbent material (50) is combined with/deposited on said supportingsheet (16) to form an absorbent layer (17). This may for example be athermoplastic fibrous adhesive, as described herein after. It someembodiments, this may be applied continuously over the absorbent layer(17), hence over the absorbent material (50) and in the channels (26),to immobilize the absorbent layer and to optionally also adhere thesupporting sheet in said channel, as described above. This is forexample shown in FIGS. 5 to 11.

It should be understood that the first and second adhesive material maybe the same type of adhesive, for example as a thermoplastic hotmeltadhesive, for example as described below, the difference between thefirst and second adhesive thus being the location where it is applied.

In some embodiments, said one or more adhesive material are at leastpresent in the channels (26), for example at least said first adhesivematerial, or both said first and second adhesive material. It may thusbe present on the longitudinal walls of the channels (26) (extending theheight of the absorbent layer (17) and the length thereof). If thesupporting sheet (16) material folds into said channels (26), or partthereof, e.g. the supporting sheet (16) has undulations into saidchannels (26) or part thereof, said undulations may be fixed to saidwalls or part thereof, to ensure the channels (26) are maintained (atleast partially) during use. This is for example shown in FIGS. 10 and11

The first and second channels (26) may be mirror images of one anotherwith respect to the central longitudinal axis (X-axis) of the absorbentlayer (17)/structure.

In some embodiments, and as for example shown in the Figures, there isno channel (26) that coincides with said longitudinal axis of saidabsorbent layer (17). The channels (26) may be spaced apart from oneanother over their whole longitudinal dimension. The smallest spacingdistance D may for example be at least 5% of average transversedimension W of layer, or for example at least 10% of W, or at least 15%of W; or for example may be at least 5 mm, or for example at least 8 mm.

Furthermore, in order to reduce the risk of fluid leakages, thelongitudinal main channels (26) typically do not extend up to any of thetransverse edges (19) and/or longitudinal edges (18) of the absorbentlayer (17), as for example shown in the Figures. Typically, the smallestdistance I between a channel (26) and the nearest longitudinal edgecorresponds to at least 5% of W, or for example to at least 10% of W. Insome embodiments, the distance is for example at least 10 mm; thesmallest distance F between a channel and the nearest transverse edge(19) of the absorbent layer (17) may for example be at least 5% of theaverage length L of the layer.

The absorbent structure may comprise only two channels, for example onlyin the front region, such as for example shown in FIG. 2B, or forexample in the central (crotch) region, and optionally extending intothe front and/or back region, such as shown FIG. 2A.

The absorbent structure (13) may comprise more than two of such channels(26), for example at least 4, or at least 5 or at least 6. Some or allof these may be substantially parallel to one another, for example beingall straight and completely longitudinally, and/or two or more or allmay be mirror images of one another in the longitudinal axis, or two ormore may be curved or angled and for example mirror images of oneanother in the longitudinal axis, and two or more may be differentlycurved or straight, and for example mirror images of one another in thelongitudinal axis. This is for example shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B.

For example the front region of the absorbent layer (17) may comprisetwo or more channels (26), that are typically mirror images of oneanother in the longitudinal axis of the layer, and the crotch region maycomprise two or more channels (26), that are typically mirror images ofone another in the longitudinal axis of the layer, for example shown inFIG. 4A, and the latter may optionally extend into the front regionand/or back region, with any of applicable dimensions and othercharacteristics described above. Optionally, further channel(s) may bepresent in the back region, for example two, such as for example shownin FIG. 4B.

The first and second channels (26), and optionally further channels(26), may be positioned in said absorbent layer (17) such that there isa central longitudinal strip, coinciding with said longitudinal axis,which is free of any channels (26); said absorbent material (50) may besubstantially continuously present in said strip. For example, saidstrip may have a minimum width D of at least 5% of W, or at least 10% ofW, and/or for example at least 5 mm, or at least 10 mm or at least 15mm, and/or even up to 40 mm.

In some embodiments, in said central longitudinal strip between twoneighboring channels (26) the average basis weight of absorbent material(50), or of said superabsorbent polymer material, is at least 350, andfor example up to 1000 grams per m², or for example from 450 grams perm², and for example up to 750 grams per m².

In some embodiments, adjacent each first and second channel, andoptionally adjacent said further channel(s), said absorbent material(50) is substantially continuously present.

The absorbent structure (13) typically comprises one or more furthermaterial(s) (e.g. a further material layer) to cover the absorbent layer(17), herein referred to as further material; the further material maybe a layer comprising adhesive, for example on the surface that is tocontact the absorbent layer (17) of the absorbent structure (13) herein.Thus, the further material may comprise, on the surface to be placedadjacent said absorbent layer (17) of the absorbent structure (13), anadhesive material.

The resulting structure is herein referred to as “absorbent core (7)”.Examples thereof are shown in FIGS. 5 to 13.

This further material may be a further absorbent structure (13′), with asecond absorbent layer (17′) and a second supporting sheet (16′), sothat both absorbent layers (17, 17′) are sandwiched between saidsupporting sheets (16; 16′); this may be a further absorbent structure(13′) of the disclosure, with two or more channels (26′) as describedherein, and for example shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 7, 8; or this may be aabsorbent structure as described herein but without channels, such asfor example shown in FIG. 9; and/or it may be an absorbent structure asdescribed herein but without adhesive.

The second absorbent structure (13′) may be identical to the firstabsorbent structure (13), or they may both be absorbent structure withchannels (26; 26′) of the disclosure, but they may be different, forexample having different channels, different number of channels (such asfor example shown in FIG. 8), different adhesive, different adhesiveapplication or combinations thereof.

The channels (26), or some of those, of the first absorbent structure(13) and the channels (26′) of the second absorbent structure (13′), orsome of those, may coincide and overlap with one another; e.g.completely or for example coincide only partially and overlap onlypartially; or some or all of the channels (26; 26′) may even notcoincide and not overlap one another. In some embodiments they are aboutidentical to one another and the channels (26) of one structuresubstantially completely coincide and overlap the channels (26) ofanother structure. This is for example shown in FIG. 12.

In some embodiments, the further material may be a part of thesupporting sheet (16), which is folded over the absorbent layer (17) andthen sealed along the peripheral edges, to enclose the absorbent layer(17).

In some embodiments, the further material is a further supporting sheet(16′), i.e. the absorbent structure (13) is covered with a furthersupporting sheet (16′), said absorbent layer then being sandwichedbetween the two supporting sheets.

In some embodiments, the further material may be an acquisition materiallayer (70) and/or an acquisition sheet (12), for example sealed to saidsupporting sheet (16). In some embodiments, the further materialincludes a further absorbent structure, e.g. any of those describedabove, or further supporting sheet (16′), and then combined with anacquisition material layer (70), and optionally a further acquisitionsheet (12). This is for example shown in FIG. 11.

The further material may also be an acquisition material layer (70)present adjacent said absorbent layer (17), the acquisition materiallayer (70) optionally comprising chemically cross-linked cellulosicfibers, and the acquisition material layer being supported on a secondsupporting sheet (16′). The absorbent layer (17) and the acquisitionmaterial layer (70) may then be sandwiched between said supporting sheet(16) of the first structure and said second supporting sheet (16′), asexemplary shown in FIG. 12. The acquisition material layer (70) may alsofurther comprise channels (26′), in particular substantially completelyoverlapping with the channels (26) of said first absorbent structure(13) as shown in FIG. 13.

The supporting sheet (16) of the first structure and/or the secondsupporting sheet (16′) of the acquisition material layer (70) may foldinto the channels (26) of the first absorbent structure (13) and/oroptionally into the channels (26′) of the acquisition material layer(70), if present, or part of these channels (26,26′). The one or moreadhesive material(s) may be at least present in the channels (26, 26′),or part thereof, and the supporting sheets (16; 16′) may be adhered toone another in said channels (26, 26′) by one or more of these adhesivematerial(s). Another second adhesive (60′) may be present between thesecond supporting sheet (16′) and the acquisition material layer (70).Another adhesive (not represented) may be placed between the acquisitionmaterial layer (70) and the absorbent layer (17), in addition to thethermoplastic adhesive (40), to improve better adhesion of both layers.

In any of these cases, the further material, can then be sealed to thesupporting sheet (16) along the peripheral edges thereof, to enclose theabsorbent layer (s) (17; optionally 17′).

In any of these cases the supporting sheet (16) or acquisitionlayer/sheet may fold into (i.e. undulate into) said channels (26) orpart thereof. This is shown for example in FIGS. 6, 7, 8.

It may be adhered to the supporting sheet (16) of the absorbentstructure (13) of the disclosure in said channels (26), e.g. by anadhesive material, as described herein. Alternatively, or in addition,it may be adhered to the walls of the channels (26 and/or 26′) or partthereof.

In some embodiments the absorbent structure (13) comprises such afurther material overlaying said absorbent layer (17), and a pressuremeans is applied selectively to said supporting sheet (16) and/or tosaid further material, in those parts that coincide with said channels(26 and/or 26′), to pressurize said supporting sheet (16) and/or saidfurther material into said channels of the absorbent structure (13)and/or into the channels of a further (second) absorbent structure 913′)if present (so: into channels 26 and/or 26′, if present), to aidformulation of said undulations and/or to aid adhering of the furthermaterial and said supporting sheet (16) to one another in said channels(26 and/or 26′), if an adhesive material is present as described herein.

The pressure means may be a pressure roll with raised portions that havesubstantially the size, shape, pattern of said channels (26 and/or 26′),that can coincide (i.e.: mate) with said parts of the supporting sheet(16) or further material coinciding with said channels (26 and/or 26′).

In some embodiments, the further (e.g. second) supporting sheet (16′)may be wider than the absorbent structure to enable the secondsupporting sheet (16′) to fold into the channels (26 and/or 26′) or partthereof, and thereby may adhere to the first supporting sheet (16). Thisis for example shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8.

In embodiments wherein the absorbent core (7) comprises two (or more)absorbent structures (13; 13′) comprising the channels (26; 26′),described herein, it may be that one or two, or more, or all, of thechannels (26) of one absorbent structure (13) substantially superposethe channels (26′) of the adjacent absorbent structure (13′). Theresulting absorbent core (7) is then a laminate of absorbent structures(13′; 13′) with channels (26; 26′), wherein the channels (26;26′) extendsubstantially through the thickness of the absorbent layers (17;17′).This is for example shown in FIG. 12.

In addition or alternatively, it may be that one or two, or more, orall, channels (26) of one absorbent structure (13) do not superpose thechannels (26′) of the adjacent absorbent structure (13′); they may forexample be complementary with the channels (26) of the adjacentstructure. By complementary it is meant that the channels (26′) of thesecond absorbent structure (13′) form an extension of the channels (26)of the first absorbent structure (13).

In some embodiments, the absorbent core (7) may comprise two or moreabsorbent structures (13), one of which being the structure of thedisclosure, and one being an absorbent structure (13) with a supportingsheet (16′) with thereon an absorbent layer (17′) (with superabsorbentpolymer material) without channels and/or without adhesive.

If a second absorbent structure (13′) is present in the absorbent core(7), this may comprise one or more adhesives, in the manner as describedabove, and for the reasons described above.

For example, it may be present such that it coincides with the channels(26) of the first absorbent structure (13) at least, and/or with itschannels (26′), if present.

Absorbent Material (50)

The absorbent layer (17) comprises absorbent material (50) thatcomprises superabsorbent polymer material (e.g. particles), optionallycombined with cellulosic material (including for example cellulose,comminuted wood pulp in the form of fibers). The further materialdescribed above (e.g. a further, second absorbent structure (13′) mayinclude an absorbent material, and the following may apply thereto too.

In some embodiment, the absorbent material (50) may comprise at least60%, or at least 70% by weight of superabsorbent polymer material, andat the most 40% or at the most 30% of cellulosic material.

In some other embodiments, the absorbent layer (17) comprises absorbentmaterial (50) that consists substantially of absorbent polymer material,e.g. particles, e.g. less than 5% by weight (of the absorbent material(50)) of cellulosic material is present; and said absorbent layer(17)/absorbent structure (13), may be free of cellulosic material.

Typically, the superabsorbent polymer material is in the form ofparticles. Suitable for use in the absorbent layer (17) can comprise anysuperabsorbent polymer particles known from superabsorbent literature,for example such as described in Modern Superabsorbent PolymerTechnology, F. L. Buchholz, A. T. Graham, Wiley 1998. The absorbentpolymer particles may be spherical, spherical-like or irregular shapedparticles, such as Vienna-sausage shaped particles, or ellipsoid shapedparticles of the kind typically obtained from inverse phase suspensionpolymerizations. The particles can also be optionally agglomerated atleast to some extent to form larger irregular particles.

In some embodiments herein, the absorbent material (50) as a wholeand/or said particulate superabsorbent polymer material at least, has ahigh sorption capacity, e.g. having a CRC of for example at least 20g/g, or at 30 g/g. Upper limits may for example be up to 150 g/g, or upto 100 g/g.

In some embodiments herein, the absorbent material (50) comprising orconsisting of superabsorbent polymer particles that are formed frompolyacrylic acid polymers/polyacrylate polymers, for example having aneutralization degree of from 60% to 90%, or about 75%, having forexample sodium counter ions.

The superabsorbent polymer may be polyacrylates and polyacrylic acidpolymers that are internally and/or surface cross-linked. Suitablematerials are described in the PCT Patent Application WO 07/047598 orfor example WO 07/046052 or for example WO2009/155265 and WO2009/155264.In some embodiments, suitable superabsorbent polymer particles may beobtained by current state of the art production processes as is moreparticularly described in WO 2006/083584. The superabsorbent polymersmay be internally cross-linked, i.e. the polymerization is carried outin the presence of compounds having two or more polymerizable groupswhich can be free-radically copolymerized into the polymer network.Useful crosslinkers include for example ethylene glycol dimethacrylate,diethylene glycol diacrylate, allyl methacrylate, trimethylolpropanetriacrylate, triallylamine, tetraallyloxyethane as described in EP-A 530438, di- and triacrylates as described in EP-A 547 847, EP-A 559 476,EP-A 632 068, WO 93/21237, WO 03/104299, WO 03/104300, WO 03/104301 andin DE-A 103 31 450, mixed acrylates which, as well as acrylate groups,include further ethylenically unsaturated groups, as described in DE-A103 31 456 and DE-A 103 55 401, or crosslinker mixtures as described forexample in DE-A 195 43 368, DE-A 196 46 484, WO 90/15830 and WO 02/32962as well as cross-linkers described in WO2009/155265. The superabsorbentpolymer particles may be externally surface cross-linked, or: postcross-linked). Useful post-crosslinkers include compounds including twoor more groups capable of forming covalent bonds with the carboxylategroups of the polymers. Useful compounds include for example alkoxysilylcompounds, polyaziridines, polyamines, polyamidoamines, di- orpolyglycidyl compounds as described in EP-A 083 022, EP-A 543 303 andEP-A 937 736, polyhydric alcohols as described in DE-C 33 14 019, cycliccarbonates as described in DE-A 40 20 780, 2-oxazolidone and itsderivatives, such as N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-oxazolidone as described inDE-A 198 07 502, bis- and poly-2-oxazolidones as described in DE-A 19807 992, 2-oxotetrahydro-1,3-oxazine and its derivatives as described inDE-A 198 54 573, N-acyl-2-oxazolidones as described in DE-A 198 54 574,cyclic ureas as described in DE-A 102 04 937, bicyclic amide acetals asdescribed in DE-A 103 34 584, oxetane and cyclic ureas as described inEP-A 1 199 327 and morpholine-2,3-dione and its derivatives as describedin WO 03/031482.

The superabsorbent polymers or particles thereof may have surfacemodifications, such as being coated or partially coated with a coatingagent. Examples of coated absorbent polymer particles are disclosed inWO2009/155265. The coating agent may be such that it renders theabsorbent polymer particles more hydrophilic. For example, it may behydrophilic (i.e., fumed) silica, such as Aerosils. The coating agentmay be a polymer, such as an elastic polymer or a film-forming polymeror an elastic film-forming polymer, which forms an elastomeric (elastic)film coating on the particle. The coating may be a homogeneous and/oruniform coating on the surface of the absorbent polymer particles. Thecoating agent may be applied at a level of from 0.1% to 5%.

The superabsorbent polymer particles may have a particle sizes in therange from 45 μm to 4000 μm, more specifically a particle sizedistribution within the range of from 45 μm to about 2000 μm, or fromabout 100 μm to about 1000 or to 850 μm. The particle size distributionof a material in particulate form can be determined as it is known inthe art, for example by means of dry sieve analysis (EDANA 420.02“Particle Size distribution).

In some embodiments herein, the superabsorbent material is in the formof particles with a mass medium particle size up to 2 mm, or between 50microns and 2 mm or to 1 mm, or from 100 or 200 or 300 or 400 or 500 μm,or to 1000 or to 800 or to 700 μm; as can for example be measured by themethod set out in for example EP-A-0691133. In some embodiments of thedisclosure, the superabsorbent polymer material is in the form ofparticles whereof at least 80% by weight are particles of a size between50 m and 1200 m and having a mass median particle size between any ofthe range combinations above. In addition, or in another embodiment ofthe disclosure, said particles are essentially spherical. In yet anotheror additional embodiment of the disclosure the superabsorbent polymermaterial has a relatively narrow range of particle sizes, e.g. with themajority (e.g. at least 80%, at least 90% or even at least 95% byweight) of particles having a particle size between 50 μm and 1000 μm,between 100 μm and 800 μm, between 200 μm and 600 μm.

Supporting Sheet (16; 16′)

The absorbent structure (13) herein comprises a supporting sheet (16) onwhich said absorbent material (50) is supported and immobilized. Thefurther material may be or include a supporting sheet (16′), and thefollowing applies also to such a sheet (16′).

This supporting sheet (16) may be an individual sheet or a web materialthat is subsequently divided in to individual absorbent structure (13)s,in particular paper, films, wovens or nonwovens, or laminate of any ofthese.

In some embodiments herein, the supporting sheet (16) is a nonwoven,e.g. a nonwoven web, such as a carded nonwoven, spunbond nonwoven ormeltblown nonwoven, and including nonwoven laminates of any of these.

The fibers may be of natural or man-made origin and may be staple orcontinuous filaments or be formed in situ. Commercially available fibershave diameters ranging typically from less than about 0.001 mm to morethan about 0.2 mm and they come in several different forms: short fibers(known as staple, or chopped), continuous single fibers (filaments ormonofilaments), untwisted bundles of continuous filaments (tow), andtwisted bundles of continuous filaments (yarn). The fibers may bebicomponent fibers, for example having a sheath-core arrangement, e.g.with different polymers forming the sheath and the core. Nonwovenfabrics can be formed by many processes such as meltblowing,spunbonding, solvent spinning, electrospinning, and carding. The basisweight of nonwoven fabrics is usually expressed in grams per squaremeter (gsm).

The nonwoven herein may be made of hydrophilic fibers; “Hydrophilic”describes fibers or surfaces of fibers, which are wettable by aqueousfluids (e.g. aqueous body fluids) deposited on these fibers.Hydrophilicity and wettability are typically defined in terms of contactangle and the strike through time of the fluids, for example through anonwoven fabric. This is discussed in detail in the American ChemicalSociety publication entitled “Contact angle, wettability and adhesion”,edited by Robert F. Gould (Copyright 1964). A fiber or surface of afiber is said to be wetted by a fluid (i.e. hydrophilic) when either thecontact angle between the fluid and the fiber, or its surface, is lessthan 90°, or when the fluid tends to spread spontaneously across thesurface of the fiber, both conditions are normally co-existing.Conversely, a fiber or surface of the fiber is considered to behydrophobic if the contact angle is greater than 90° and the fluid doesnot spread spontaneously across the surface of the fiber.

The supporting sheet (16) herein may be air-permeable. Films usefulherein may therefore comprise micro pores. Nonwovens herein may forexample be air permeable. The supporting sheet (16) may have for examplean air-permeability of from 40 or from 50, to 300 or to 200 m³/(m²×min),as determined by EDANA method 140-1-99 (125 Pa, 38.3 cm²). Thesupporting sheet (16) may alternatively have a lower air-permeability,e.g. being non-air-permeable, to for example be better detained on amoving surface comprising vacuum.

In some executions, the supporting sheet (16) is a nonwoven laminatematerial, a nonwoven laminate web, for example of the SMS or SMMS type.

In order to form easily said undulations, the supporting sheet (16) mayhave a basis weight that is less than 60 gsm, or for example than 50gsm, for example from 5 gsm to 40 gsm, or to 30 gsm.

The supporting sheet (16) may have a CD-extensibility or aMD-extensibility.

In one of the embodiment herein, the supporting sheet (16) hasundulations that fold (undulate) into said first and second channels(26), and optionally in to said further channel(s), of part thereof. Forexample the undulations may extend over about the full longitudinaldimension of the channel; they may for example extend to completeaverage height of the absorbent layer (17)/channel, or for example onlyup to 75% thereof, or up to 50% of the average height of the absorbentlayer (17)/channel. This aids immobilization of the absorbent material(50) adjacent said channels (26) and said channels (26) of said layers.

The undulations may be adhered with said one or more adhesive material,e.g. said second adhesive material, to said walls of said channels (26).The supporting sheet (16) may alternatively, or in addition, be adheredin said channels (26) to said further material, e.g. second supportingsheet (16), describe herein above, e.g. with said first and/or secondadhesive.

Adhesive Material

The absorbent structure (13) may comprise one or more adhesivematerials. In some embodiments, it comprises a first adhesive materialand/or a second adhesive material, as described above, and in the mannerdescribed above.

The absorbent core herein may comprise a further second absorbentstructure (13′) that may comprise one or more adhesive materials; thefollowing equally applies thereto.

Any suitable adhesive can be used for this, for example so-calledhotmelt adhesives used. For example, a sprayable hot melt adhesives,such as H.B. Fuller Co. (St. Paul, Minn.) Product No. HL-1620-B, can beused.

The adhesive material(s) may not only help in immobilizing the absorbentmaterial on the supporting sheet but it may also help in maintaining theintegrity of the channels in the absorbent structure absorbent coreduring storage and/or during use of the disposable article. The adhesivematerial may help to avoid that a significant amount of absorbentmaterial migrates into the channels. Furthermore, when the adhesivematerial is applied in the channels or on the supporting sheet portionscoinciding with the channels it may thereby help to adhere thesupporting sheet of the absorbent structure to said walls, and/or to afurther material, as will be described in further details below.

In some embodiments, the first adhesive (40) and/or the second adhesive(60) may be a thermoplastic adhesive material.

In some embodiments, the first adhesive (40) may be applied as fibers,forming a fibrous network that immobilizes the absorbent material on thesupporting sheet. The thermoplastic adhesive fibers may be partially incontact with the supporting sheet of the absorbent structure; if appliedalso in the channels, it (further) anchors the absorbent layer to thesupporting sheet.

The thermoplastic adhesive material may for example allow for suchswelling, without breaking and without imparting too many compressiveforces, which would restrain the absorbent polymer particles fromswelling. Thermoplastic adhesive materials (40; 60) suitable for use inthe present disclosure includes hot melt adhesives comprising at least athermoplastic polymer in combination with a plasticizer and otherthermoplastic diluents such as tackifying resins and additives such asantioxidants. Exemplary suitable hot melt adhesive materials (40; 60)are described in EP 1447067 A2. In some embodiments, the thermoplasticpolymer has a molecular weight (Mw) of more than 10,000 and a glasstransition temperature (Tg) below room temperature or −6° C.>Tg<16° C.In certain embodiments, the concentrations of the polymer in a hot meltare in the range of about 20 to about 40% by weight. In certainembodiments, thermoplastic polymers may be water insensitive. Exemplarypolymers are (styrenic) block copolymers including A-B-A triblockstructures, A-B diblock structures and (A-B)n radial block copolymerstructures wherein the A blocks are non-elastomeric polymer blocks,typically comprising polystyrene, and the B blocks are unsaturatedconjugated diene or (partly) hydrogenated versions of such. The B blockis typically isoprene, butadiene, ethylene/butylene (hydrogenatedbutadiene), ethylene/propylene (hydrogenated isoprene), and mixturesthereof.

Other suitable thermoplastic polymers that may be employed aremetallocene polyolefins, which are ethylene polymers prepared usingsingle-site or metallocene catalysts. Therein, at least one comonomercan be polymerized with ethylene to make a copolymer, terpolymer orhigher order polymer. Also applicable are amorphous polyolefins oramorphous polyalphaolefins (APAO) which are homopolymers, copolymers orterpolymers of C2 to C8 alpha olefins.

The thermoplastic adhesive material, typically a hot-melt adhesivematerial, is generally present in the form of fibres, i.e. the hot meltadhesive can be fiberized. In some embodiments, the thermoplasticadhesive material forms a fibrous network over the absorbent polymerparticles. Typically, the fibres can have an average thickness fromabout 1 μm to about 100 μm, or from about 25 μm to about 75 μm, and anaverage length from about 5 mm to about 50 cm. In particular the layerof hot melt adhesive material can be provided such as to comprise anet-like structure. In certain embodiments the thermoplastic adhesivematerial is applied at an amount of from 0.5 to 30 g/m², or from 1 to 15g/m², or from 1 and 10 g/m² or even from 1.5 and 5 g/m² per supportingsheet (16).

A typical parameter for an adhesive suitable for use in the presentdisclosure can be a loss angle tan Delta at 60° C. of below the value of1, or below the value of 0.5. The loss angle tan Delta at 60° C. iscorrelated with the liquid character of an adhesive at elevated ambienttemperatures. The lower tan Delta, the more an adhesive behaves like asolid rather than a liquid, i.e. the lower its tendency to flow or tomigrate and the lower the tendency of an adhesive superstructure asdescribed herein to deteriorate or even to collapse over time. Thisvalue is hence particularly important if the absorbent article is usedin a hot climate.

It may be beneficial, e.g. for process reasons and/or performancereasons, that the thermoplastic adhesive material has a viscosity ofbetween 800 and 4000 mPa·s, or from 1000 mPa·s or 1200 mPa·s or from1600 mPa·s to 3200 mPa·s or to 3000 mPa·s or to 2800 mPa·s or to 2500mPa·s, at 175° C., as measurable by ASTM D3236-88, using spindle 27, 20rpm, 20 minutes preheating at the temperature, and stirring for 10 min.

The thermoplastic adhesive material may have a softening point ofbetween 60° C. and 150° C., or between 75° C. and 135° C., or between90° C. and 130° C., or between 100° C. and 115° C., as can be determinedwith ASTM E28-99 (Herzog method; using glycerine).

In one embodiment herein, the thermoplastic adhesive component may behydrophilic, having a contact angle of less than 90°, or less than 80°or less than 75° or less than 70°, as measurable with ASTM D 5725-99.

Signals

The absorbent articles of the present invention may comprise signalsthat communicate to the consumer the functionality and benefits of theabsorbent core channels. Non-limiting examples of such signals mayinclude printed adhesive layers, backsheet graphics, embossing of thetopsheet and/or acquisition layer, and combinations thereof.

One type of signal that may be used to communicate the existence and thebenefits of the channels is a printed adhesive layer. In someembodiments, an article with channels in the core may have a layer of anadhesive that is applied in a pattern that connotes the absorbency andother benefits of the channels. This adhesive layer may be applied to asubstrate, such as a supporting layer, in some embodiments anacquisition layer, that may be positioned between a topsheet and theabsorbent core with channels. In some embodiments, the layer of printedadhesive may be visible through the topsheet.

In some embodiments, a fluid, such as an adhesive, may be applied orprinted onto an advancing substrate. The fluid application apparatus mayinclude a slot die applicator and a substrate carrier. The slot dieapplicator may include a slot opening, a first lip, and a second lip,the slot opening located between the first lip and the second lip. Andthe substrate carrier may include one or more pattern elements and maybe adapted to advance the substrate past the slot die applicator as theslot die applicator discharges adhesive onto the substrate. Inoperation, when the first surface of the substrate is disposed on thesubstrate carrier, the substrate carrier advances the second surface ofthe substrate past the slot opening of the slot die applicator. In turn,the substrate is intermittently compressed between the slot dieapplicator and the pattern surface of the pattern element. As thesubstrate is intermittently compressed, adhesive discharged from theslot die applicator is applied onto the second surface of the advancingsubstrate in an area having a shape that is substantially the same as ashape defined by the pattern surface. In some embodiments, the adhesivemay be a different color than the substrate. The adhesive may comprisepigments or dyes. Other methods and apparatuses involved for theapplication of adhesives in pre-determined patterns to an advancingsubstrate are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,186,296. In some embodiments,the fluid printed on the substrate may be an ink without an adhesive.

The term “pattern” as used herein means a decorative or distinctivedesign, not necessarily repeating or imitative, including but notlimited to the following: marbled, check, mottled, veined, clustered,geometric, spotted, helical, swirl, arrayed, variegated, textured,spiral, cycle, contoured, laced, tessellated, starburst, lobed,lightning, blocks, textured, pleated, cupped, concave, convex, braided,tapered, and combinations thereof. Examples of patterns for the printedadhesive layer may be seen in FIGS. 17A, 17B, 17C, and 18. In FIGS. 17Ato 17C, the curved lines of the printed adhesive layer, and in FIG. 18,the pattern of the printed adhesive layer, may signal to the consumerone or more benefits of the channels. For example, the channels may actas a conduit, distributing fluid to a more comfortable place, while theprinted adhesive layer, visible to the caregiver through the topsheet,may signal or communicate the fluid distribution and comfort that thearticle can provide.

As discussed above, the absorbent structure of the present inventiontypically comprises one or more further materials, such as a furthermaterial layer, to cover the absorbent layer. This layer may comprise anadhesive, for example on the surface that is to contact the absorbentlayer of the absorbent structure. Thus, the further material maycomprise on the surface to be placed adjacent said absorbent layer ofthe absorbent structure, an adhesive material. In some embodiments, thefurther material layer may be an acquisition material layer that mayhave the adhesive printed onto it to form a patterned appearance. Thus,the adhesive is printed onto the surface of the acquisition layer thatis adjacent to the absorbent core. In addition to an absorbent core withchannels and a printed adhesive layer printed onto the surface of theacquisition layer adjacent to the absorbent core, the article may alsocomprise a topsheet, wherein the printed adhesive layer is visiblethrough the topsheet. In some embodiments, the printing (ink or anadhesive with ink) may be on the topsheet itself, and where ink is thesubstance being printed, the printing may be performed using digitalprinting.

In some embodiments, the absorbent article may comprise graphics printedonto the backsheet. As the absorbent core is loaded with fluid, theabsorbent material will expand in particular towards the backsheet,while the channels which do not comprise absorbent material will notexpand. This difference may be used, as the channels will become moreperceptible through the backsheet as fluid is absorbed as they may formdepressions. These depressions will become more pronounced as theabsorbent article absorbs the fluid.

The depth of these depressions formed by the channels on the backsheetside will be proportional to the amount of fluid absorbed, and theinventors have found that that the visual appearance to the caregivermay be improved by providing a backsheet printing which matches or atleast indicates the region of the channels to the caregiver. Thus thebacksheet printing may comprise a line or a curve which substantiallymatches the shape and/or position of the channels.

Backsheet graphics, for example, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, maysimilarly signal to the caregiver the attributes of the channels. Insome embodiments, the only visual signal of the channels may be thebacksheet printing. In some embodiments, the backsheet printing may becurves, lines, or other patterns that approximate the shape and contoursof the channels. In some embodiments, the article may comprise both aprinted adhesive layer and backsheet graphics, the combination of whichwork together or separately to accentuate certain channel aspects.

As shown in FIG. 19, backsheet graphics that approximate the shape andcontours of the channels may be arranged such that they fit within theabsorbent core area of the absorbent article without extending beyondsuch area, thereby providing a caregiver a clearer communication of thebenefits of the channels. An exemplary backsheet containing graphicsthat approximate the shape and contours of the underlying channels isdepicted. The length A′ of the backsheet in the machine direction maybe, e.g. 478 mm, and its width P′ in the cross-direction may be 196 mm.A centerline in the machine direction of the backsheet is shown by LineC′, and thus the half length B′ is 239 mm. The distance between thegraphics that visually signal the inner channels is shown as thedistance F′ between lines D′ and E′, taken along centerline C′. Thedistance F′ may be 22 mm. The distance between the graphics thatvisually signal the outer channels is shown as the distance I′ betweenlines G′ and H′, taken along Line J′. The distance I′ may be 37.5 mm.Lines J′ and K′ are drawn parallel to centerline C′ and are taken alongthe terminating points of the graphics visually signaling the innerchannels, termination referring to the points at which the graphics end,starting from centerline C′. The distance between these terminatingpoints, in the machine direction is shown by Line L′. This distance maybe 198 mm. Lines M′ and N′ are drawn parallel to centerline C′ and aretaken along the terminating points of the graphics visually signalingthe outer channels, termination referring to the points at which thegraphics end, starting from centerline C′. The distance between theseterminating points, in the machine direction is shown by Line O′. Thisdistance may be 158 mm. The distance between the graphics visuallysignaling the inner channels and graphics visually signaling the outerchannels, taken along Line C′, may be 6 mm. In a preferred embodiment,where all lengths are given in mm: A′=478; P′=206; L′=205; 0′=165;I′=43; and F′=22.

The relative lengths of any of the lines above may be expressed asratios, and may be exact, or may be expressed with a tolerance of plusor minus 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 7%, or 10%, alone or in combination with otherratios of lengths, and the length may be rounded to the nearest wholenumber or multiple of 5, after the percent of tolerance is applied.

Applicants have found that ratios particularly important in signalingone or more benefits of the channels are those of: (a) A′ to L′; (b) B′to L′; and (c) P′ to F′. In some embodiments: the A′ to L′ ratio willrange from 2.2 to 2.7, preferably from 2.3 to 2.5, more preferably itwill be 2.4. In some embodiments: the B′ to L′ ratio will range from 1.0to 1.4, preferably from 1.1 to 1.3, more preferably it will be 1.2. Insome embodiments: the P′ to F′ ratio will range from 8.0 to 9.8,preferably from 8.5 to 9.4, more preferably it will be 8.9.

Further, in some embodiments, the graphics visually signaling the innerchannels will not extend beyond the area of the outer channelsthemselves, and/or the area where the absorbent core is present, and insome embodiments, the graphics visually signaling the outer channelswill not extend beyond the area of the outer channels themselves, and/orthe area where the absorbent core is present, and in some embodiments,the graphics visually signaling the inner and outer channels will notextend beyond the area of the inner and outer channels themselves,and/or the area where the absorbent core is present.

In addition, the article may comprise other or additional visual cuesthat signal the absorbent core channels, such as, for example,embossing. Embossing may be done on the topsheet or on the absorbentcore, or, in some embodiments, there may be multi-layer embossing ofboth the topsheet and the absorbent core. For example, thermal embossingmay be done over the channels (where there is no superabsorbent polymer)at a small gap setting to enhance the visual presence. Any embossing maybe done alone or in combination with printing to help signal theabsorbent core channels. Further, any embossing may be done to thetopsheet, core, or both, on-line (during assembly of the absorbentarticle's component parts) or prior to such assembly, e.g. at the sitewhere a supplier of component parts makes the component part itself.

In some embodiments, the printed adhesive layer or the backsheetprinting may be a pattern that covers the majority or even all of theabsorbent core. In other embodiments, the printed adhesive layer orbacksheet printing may be printed only in discrete areas. For example,in some embodiments, the printed adhesive layer or backsheet printingmay be printed so as to not overlap or intersect with the absorbent corechannels. The term “overlap” as used herein means to cover over a partof, or to have an area in common. The term “intersect” as used hereinmeans items that cut across or through each other, or that narrow andmerge.

In order to ensure that absorbent article components (including graphicabsorbent article components) are properly oriented when attached toother absorbent article components, registration may be used.Registration may include using a system to detect a location on anabsorbent article component and to compare the location against a setpoint (which may be an operator desired or machine set location). Thesystem may adjust placement of the absorbent article component inaccordance with said comparison. For example, the location of absorbentcore channels and a printed adhesive layer may be detected and a repeatlength of the printed adhesive layer may be altered via a length controlsystem (described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,444,064 and 6,955,733).Alternatively, a system may be used to detect and control thelongitudinal or machine direction position of a component relative to adesired position on the absorbent article wherein the position at whichsubsequent occurrences of a first component is attached to a secondcomponent is altered to ensure the first component is in the desiredlocation. Such can be performed based on multiple detections and the useof an averaging position, deviation from the desired position, or bydetecting less frequently than every occurrence. Additionally, a systemmay detect a first location on a first absorbent article component and asecond location on a second absorbent article component, where the firstand second locations may be compared relative to each other and againsta set point or desired offset position. The system may adjust placementof the first and/or second absorbent article components in accordancewith said comparison. Combinations of detection methods may be used.

In some embodiments, registration may be used to optimize the visualimpression of the printing and the absorbent core channels.

In some embodiments, any printing, whether a printed adhesive layer, abacksheet graphic, or some combination, may match, or substantiallymatch the shape or contour of the absorbent core channels. In someembodiments, the printing will not necessarily match or correlate withthe shape or contour of the absorbent core channels, but will otherwisecommunicate or signal to the consumer the existence and/or benefits ofthe channels.

Absorbent Articles, e.g. Diapers

The absorbent structure (13) or absorbent core (7) herein may be usefulin an absorbent article, such as described above, and in particular in adiaper (1), including fastenable diapers (1) and (refastenable) trainingpants, for infants or for adults, or in an absorbent pad, such as asanitary napkin or adult incontinence undergarment pad.

The article may comprise, in addition to an absorbent structure (13) orabsorbent core (7) as described herein, a topsheet and backsheet, andfor example one or more side flaps or cuffs. The topsheet or cuffs orside flaps may comprise a skin care composition or lotion or powder,known in the art, panels, including those described in U.S. Pat. Nos.5,607,760; 5,609,587; 5,635,191; 5,643,588.

Articles herein comprise a topsheet, facing the wearer in use, forexample a nonwoven sheet, and/or an apertured sheet, including aperturedformed films, as known in the art, and a backsheet.

The backsheet may be liquid impervious, as known in the art. In someembodiments, the liquid impervious backsheet comprises a thin plasticfilm such as a thermoplastic film having a thickness of about 0.01 mm toabout 0.05 mm. Suitable backsheet materials comprise typicallybreathable material, which permit vapors to escape from the diaper (1)while still preventing exudates from passing through the backsheet.Suitable backsheet films include those manufactured by TredegarIndustries Inc. of Terre Haute, Ind. and sold under the trade namesX15306, X10962 and X10964.

The backsheet, or any portion thereof, may be elastically extendable inone or more directions. The backsheet may be attached or joined to atopsheet, the absorbent structure/core, or any other element of thediaper (1) by any attachment means known in the art.

Diapers herein may comprise leg cuffs and/or barrier cuffs; the articlethen typically has a pair of opposing side flaps and/or leg and/orbarrier cuffs, each of a pair being positioned adjacent one longitudinalside of the absorbent structure/core, and extending longitudinally alongsaid structure/core, and typically being mirror images of one another inthe longitudinal-axis of the article; if leg cuffs and barrier cuffs arepresent, then each leg cuffs is typically positioned outwardly from abarrier cuff. The cuffs may be extending longitudinally along at least70% of the length of the article. The cuff(s) may have a freelongitudinal edge that can be positioned out of the X-Y plane(longitudinal/transverse directions) of the article, i.e. inz-direction. The side flaps or cuffs of a pair may be mirror images ofone another in the longitudinal axis of the article. The cuffs maycomprise elastic material.

The diapers herein may comprise a waistband, or for example a frontwaistband and back waist band, which may comprise elastic material.

The diaper (1) may comprise side panels, or so-called ear panels. Thediaper (1) may comprise fastening means, to fasten the front and back,e.g. the front and back waistband. Fastening systems may comprisefastening tabs and landing zones, wherein the fastening tabs areattached or joined to the back region of the diaper (1) and the landingzones are part of the front region of the diaper (1).

The absorbent structure (13) may be combined with, and the absorbentcore (7) or diaper (1) may comprise, an acquisition layer (12) and/oracquisition material layer (70), or system thereof this may comprisechemically cross-linked cellulosic fibers. Such cross-linked cellulosicfibers may have desirable absorbency properties. Exemplary chemicallycross-linked cellulosic fibers are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,137,537.In certain embodiments, the chemically cross-linked cellulosic fibersare cross-linked with between about 0.5 mole % and about 10.0 mole % ofa C₂ to C₉ polycarboxylic cross-linking agent or between about 1.5 mole% and about 6.0 mole % of a C₂ to C₉ polycarboxylic cross-linking agentbased on glucose unit. Citric acid is an exemplary cross-linking agent.In other embodiments, polyacrylic acids may be used. Further, accordingto certain embodiments, the cross-linked cellulosic fibers have a waterretention value of about 25 to about 60, or about 28 to about 50, orabout 30 to about 45. A method for determining water retention value isdisclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,137,537. According to certain embodiments,the cross-linked cellulosic fibers may be crimped, twisted, or curled,or a combination thereof including crimped, twisted, and curled.

In a certain embodiment, one or both of the upper and lower acquisitionlayers may comprise a non-woven, which may be hydrophilic. Further,according to a certain embodiment, one or both of the upper and loweracquisition layers may comprise the chemically cross-linked cellulosicfibers, which may or may not form part of a nonwoven material. Accordingto an exemplary embodiment, the upper acquisition layer may comprise anonwoven, without the cross-linked cellulosic fibers, and the loweracquisition layer may comprise the chemically cross-linked cellulosicfibers. Further, according to an embodiment, the lower acquisition layermay comprise the chemically cross-linked cellulosic fibers mixed withother fibers such as natural or synthetic polymeric fibers. According toexemplary embodiments, such other natural or synthetic polymeric fibersmay include high surface area fibers, thermoplastic binding fibers,polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, PET fibers, rayon fibers,lyocell fibers, and mixtures thereof. Suitable non-woven materials forthe upper and lower acquisition layers include, but are not limited toSMS material, comprising a spunbonded, a melt-blown and a furtherspunbonded layer. In certain embodiments, permanently hydrophilicnon-wovens, and in particular, nonwovens with durably hydrophiliccoatings are desirable. Another suitable embodiment comprises aSMMS-structure. In certain embodiments, the non-wovens are porous.

The diaper (1) may include a sub-layer disposed between the topsheet andthe absorbent structure (13)/absorbent core (7), capable of accepting,and distributing and/or immobilizing bodily exudates. Suitable sublayersinclude acquisition layers, surge layers and or fecal material storagelayers, as known in the art. Suitable materials for use as the sub-layermay include large cell open foams, macro-porous compression resistantnon woven highlofts, large size particulate forms of open and closedcell foams (macro and/or microporous), highloft non-wovens, polyolefin,polystyrene, polyurethane foams or particles, structures comprising amultiplicity of vertically oriented, looped, strands of fibers, orapertured formed films, as described above with respect to the genitalcoversheet. (As used herein, the term “microporous” refers to materialsthat are capable of transporting fluids by capillary action, but havinga mean pore size of more than 50 microns. The term “macroporous” refersto materials having pores too large to effect capillary transport offluid, generally having pores greater than about 0.5 mm (mean) indiameter and more specifically, having pores greater than about 1.0 mm(mean) in diameter, but typically less than 10 mm or even less than 6 mm(mean).

Processes for assembling the absorbent article or diaper (1) includeconventional techniques known in the art for constructing andconfiguring disposable absorbent articles. For example, the backsheetand/or the topsheet can be joined to the absorbent structure/core or toeach other by a uniform continuous layer of adhesive, a patterned layerof adhesive, or an array of separate lines, spirals, or spots ofadhesive. Adhesives which have been found to be satisfactory aremanufactured by H. B. Fuller Company of St. Paul, Minn. under thedesignation HL-1258 or H-2031. While the topsheet, the backsheet, andthe absorbent structure (13)/core may be assembled in a variety ofwell-known configurations, diaper (1) configurations are describedgenerally in U.S. Pat. No. 5,554,145 entitled “Absorbent Article WithMultiple Zone Structural Elastic-Like Film Web Extensible Waist Feature”issued to Roe et al. on Sep. 10, 1996; U.S. Pat. No. 5,569,234 entitled“Disposable Pull-On Pant” issued to Buell et al. on Oct. 29, 1996; andU.S. Pat. No. 6,004,306 entitled “Absorbent Article WithMulti-Directional Extensible Side Panels” issued to Robles et al. onDec. 21, 1999.

Method of Making the Absorbent Structure (13)

The absorbent structure (13) herein may be made by any method comprisingthe step of depositing absorbent material (50) onto a supporting sheet(16), for example by pacing first said supporting sheet (16) onto raisedportions in the shape and dimensions of said channels (26) to beproduced and then depositing said absorbent material (50) thereon;thereby, the absorbent material (50) does not remain onto said raisedportions, but only on the remaining portions of the supporting sheet(16).

In some embodiments, the absorbent structure (13) with the absorbentlayer (17) with therein two or more channels (26) with substantially noabsorbent material (50) is for example obtainable by a method comprisingthe steps of:

-   -   a) providing a feeder for feeding said absorbent material (50)        to a first moving endless surface, such as a hopper;    -   b) providing a transfer means for transferring a supporting        sheet (16) to a second moving endless surface;    -   c) providing a first moving endless surface, having one or more        absorbent layer (17)-forming reservoirs with a longitudinal        dimension and averaged length, a perpendicular transverse        dimension and average width, and, perpendicular to both, a depth        dimension and average depth, and a void volume for receiving        said absorbent material (50) therein, said reservoir(s)        comprising one or more substantially longitudinally extending        raised strips, not having a void volume, for example each having        an average width W of at least 4% or at least 5% of the average        width of the reservoir, and an average length L of at least 5%        and at the most 30% of the average longitudinal dimension of the        reservoir; said reservoir(s) being for transferring said        absorbent material (50) to said second moving endless surface        adjacent and in proximity thereto    -   d) providing a second moving surface, having an outer shell that        has one or more air permeable or partially air permeable        receptacles with for receiving said supporting sheet (16)        thereon or therein, with a receiving area and with one or more        substantially longitudinally extending mating strips that may be        air impermeable, and having each an average width of for example        W′ of at least 2.5 mm, from 0.5×W to 1.2×W, an average length of        for example L′ being from about 0.8×L to 1.2×L;

whereby said air-permeable outer shell is connected to one or moresecondary vacuum systems for facilitating retention of supporting sheet(16) and/or said absorbent material (50) thereon, and

whereby, in a meeting point, said first moving endless surface and saidouter shell are at least partially adjacent to one another and in closeproximity of one another during transfer of said absorbent material (50)and such that each mating strip is substantially completely adjacent andin close proximity to a raised strip during transfer of said absorbentmaterial (50);

-   -   e) feeding with said feeder an absorbent material (50) to said        first moving endless surface, in at least said reservoir (s)        thereof;    -   f) optionally, removing any absorbent material (50) on said        raised strips (s);    -   g) simultaneously, transferring said supporting sheet (16) to        said second moving endless surface, onto or into said        receptacle(s);    -   h) selectively transferring in said meeting point, said        absorbent material (50) with said first moving endless surface        only to said part of the supporting sheet (16) that is on or in        said receiving area of said receptacle; and        -   i) 1) applying an adhesive material (i.e. a first adhesive            material (40)) to said absorbent structure (13) of step g;            and/or        -   i) 2) applying an adhesive material (i.e. a second adhesive            material (60)) to said supporting sheet (16), prior or step            f, or simultaneously therewith, but in any event prior to            step g).

Step i) 1) may involve spraying said first adhesive material in the formof fibers onto said absorbent layer (17), or part thereof, for examplesubstantially continuously, so it is also present in said channels (26).

Step i) 2) may involve slot coating or spray-coating the supportingsheet (16), either continuously, or for example in a patterncorresponding to the channel (26) pattern.

Said reservoir(s) may be formed by of a multitude of grooves and/orcavities with a void volume, for receiving said absorbent material (50)therein. In some embodiments, the average width W of (each) strip may beat least 6 mm, or for example at least 7 mm, and/or at least at least7%, or for example at least 10% of the average width of the respectivereservoir.

Said grooves and/or cavities may each for example have a maximumdimension in transverse direction which is at least 3 mm, and wherebythe shortest distance between directly neighboring cavities and/orgrooves in substantially transverse dimension, is less than 5 mm.Cavities and/or grooves that are directly adjacent a raised strip mayhave a volume that is more than the volume of one or more, or all oftheir neighboring cavities or grooves, that are not directly adjacentsaid strip or another strip (thus further removed from a strip).

Said first moving endless surface's reservoir may be at least partiallyair permeable and said first moving endless surface may have acylindrical surface with said reservoirs, rotatably moving around astator, comprising a vacuum chamber; said second moving surface'soutershell may be cylindrical, rotatably moving around a stator,comprising a secondary vacuum chamber connected to said secondary vacuumsystem.

The method may be to produce an absorbent core (7) or structure thatcomprises two or more of the above described absorbent structures(13;13′); for example two such layers, superposed on one another suchthat the absorbent material (50) of a first layer and the absorbentmaterial (50) of the other second layer are adjacent one another andsandwiched between the supporting sheet (16) of the first layer and thesupporting sheet (16) of the second layer.

The method may involve the provision of a pressure means, such as apressure roll, that can apply pressure onto the absorbent structure(13), and typically an absorbent structure (13) whereby the absorbentmaterial (50) is sandwiched between the supporting sheet (16) a furthermaterial; the pressure may be applied onto said supporting sheet (16) oron any of the further material/layer that placed over the absorbentlayer (17), as described above in this section. This pressureapplication may be done to selectively apply pressure only onto thechannels (26 and/or 26′) of the absorbent structure (13), e.g. on theportions of the supporting sheet (16) that correspond to the channels(26), and that thus not comprise (on the opposed surface) absorbentmaterial (50), to avoid compaction of said absorbent material (50)itself and/or on the portions of the further material, e.g. thesupporting sheet (16′) thereof, that correspond to the channels (26′),and that thus not comprise (on the opposed surface) absorbent material(50), to avoid compaction of said absorbent material (50) itself.

Thus, the pressure means may have a raised pressuring patterncorresponding to said pattern of the raised strip(s) and/or of saidmating strip(s), in some corresponding to the pattern of the matingstrip(s).

The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood asbeing strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead,unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean boththe recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding thatvalue. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean“about 40 mm.” Every document cited herein, including any crossreferenced or related patent or application, is hereby incorporatedherein by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded orotherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission thatit is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed or claimedherein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other referenceor references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such invention.Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in thisdocument conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in adocument incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assignedto that term in this document shall govern.

While particular embodiments of the present invention have beenillustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in theart that various other changes and modifications can be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is thereforeintended to cover in the appended claims all such changes andmodifications that are within the scope of this invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. An absorbent article comprising: a central longitudinal axis and a central longitudinal strip, coinciding with said longitudinal axis; a topsheet, a backsheet, an absorbent core disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet, and an acquisition layer disposed between the topsheet and the absorbent core; wherein the absorbent core having a supporting sheet and comprising a curved channel, wherein the supporting sheet in the curved channel is bonded such that the supporting sheet is present on a longitudinal wall of the curved channel, wherein the central longitudinal strip is free of channels; wherein at least one of the topsheet, backsheet, and the acquisition layer have printing; and wherein the channel and the printing do not overlap.
 2. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the printing is of a fluid, the fluid being an ink and substantially free, or free, of adhesive.
 3. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the printing is of a fluid, the fluid being an adhesive and substantially free, or free, of ink.
 4. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the printing is of a fluid, the fluid being a mixture of adhesive and ink.
 5. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the printing is of a fluid, the fluid being an ink, and the printing being performed using digital printing.
 6. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the acquisition layer has a surface that is adjacent to the absorbent core, and the print layer is printed on the acquisition layer surface that is adjacent to the absorbent core.
 7. The absorbent article of claim 6, further comprising printed graphics on the backsheet.
 8. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the printing is on the backsheet.
 9. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the printing is on the topsheet.
 10. The absorbent article of claim 1 further comprising a pair of curved channels, wherein the curved channels are mirror images of one another with respect to the central longitudinal axis.
 11. An absorbent article comprising: a topsheet, a backsheet, an absorbent core disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet, and a fluid disposed in a printed layer; wherein the absorbent core comprises channels, wherein the channels do not intersect a central longitudinal axis; and wherein the fluid comprises an ink and an adhesive and wherein printed layer is visible through the topsheet.
 12. The absorbent article of claim 11, further comprising an acquisition layer disposed between the topsheet and the absorbent core, wherein the printed layer is printed onto the acquisition layer.
 13. The absorbent article of claim 12, wherein the printed layer is a different color than that of the acquisition layer.
 14. The absorbent article of claim 13, wherein the acquisition layer has a surface that is adjacent to the absorbent core, and the printed layer is printed onto the surface of the acquisition layer that is adjacent to the absorbent core.
 15. The absorbent article of claim 11, wherein the printed layer appears as a pattern.
 16. The absorbent article of claim 15, wherein the absorbent core channels have a non-linear shape, and wherein the pattern substantially matches the shape of the absorbent core channels.
 17. The absorbent article of claim 15, wherein the absorbent core channels are contoured, and wherein the pattern substantially matches the contour of the absorbent core channels.
 18. The absorbent article of claim 15, wherein the absorbent article further comprises graphics printed on the backsheet. 